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Marriage

Family Law · NextGen Bar Exam single best answer

A man believed his divorce from his first wife had become final, and six months later he married a second woman in a licensed ceremony performed by a judge. In fact, because of a clerical error at the courthouse, the divorce decree was not actually entered until two weeks after the second wedding. The man’s first wife was alive throughout this period. After the second wife learned about the timing of the decree, she consulted a lawyer to find out whether her marriage to the man is valid.

What is the status of the second marriage?

  1. AOption A. Correct answer. Void, because the man was still legally married to a living spouse when he remarried.Correct
  2. BOption B. Incorrect answer. Valid, because the man reasonably believed his first divorce was already final.
  3. COption C. Incorrect answer. Voidable, because only the second wife may choose to challenge the marriage.
  4. DOption D. Incorrect answer. Valid, because the first divorce became final shortly after the second ceremony.

Why

A person cannot marry while still validly married to a living, undivorced spouse; a second marriage entered while the first is in force is bigamous and void from the start — a nullity no belief can save, so A is correct. B is wrong because good faith does not validate a bigamous marriage; the man’s honest belief instead makes the second wife a putative spouse, protecting her property rights, without making the void marriage valid. C misclassifies the marriage — bigamy is void, not voidable, so anyone with an interest may treat it as no marriage, not only a spouse. D reflects a myth: a later-finalized divorce does not retroactively validate a marriage that was bigamous when celebrated; the couple would have to marry anew.

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